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在電(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)上，整車(che)帶有(you)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)的零(ling)部(bu)件有(you)動(dong)(dong)力電(dian)池，驅動(dong)(dong)電(dian)機(ji)，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)配電(dian)箱(xiang)（PDU），電(dian)動(dong)(dong)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)，DC/DC，OBC，PTC，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)線束等，這些部(bu)件組成了整車(che)的高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，其中動(dong)(dong)力電(dian)池，驅動(dong)(dong)電(dian)機(ji)，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)控制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)為純電(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)上的三(san)大(da)核心部(bu)件。

1、驅動(dong)電機控(kong)制器（英(ying)文縮(suo)寫：MCU）

電(dian)(dian)機(ji)控制器MCU將(jiang)高壓(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉為交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)，并與整(zheng)車上其他模塊進行信號交互，實現對驅動電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的有(you)效(xiao)控制。電(dian)(dian)機(ji)能量回收功(gong)能、逆變(bian)、互鎖、通訊等，驅動電(dian)(dian)機(ji)讓汽車行駛。與傳統燃(ran)(ran)油車的發動機(ji)將(jiang)燃(ran)(ran)料燃(ran)(ran)燒的化(hua)學(xue)能轉為機(ji)械能不同，其工作(zuo)效(xiao)率(lv)更高，能達到(dao)85%以上，故(gu)相(xiang)比傳統汽車，其能量利用率(lv)更高，能夠減少(shao)資(zi)源(yuan)的浪費。

2、 高壓(ya)配電盒（英(ying)文縮寫：PDU）

高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)盒是整車高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源分配(pei)(pei)的裝置，主要是分配(pei)(pei)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源到各個(ge)執行器驅(qu)動，類似于低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路系統中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器保險盒。高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保險盒PDU（Power Distribution Unit）是由(you)很多高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保險絲組成。協(xie)調驅(qu)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)控制系統，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池管(guan)理系統， 充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)理系統， DC/DC, 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)空調, 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)助力轉(zhuan)向, 制動系統等高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)附件的功能轉(zhuan)換和能量分配(pei)(pei)。高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)單元還可以實現短路過載的快速(su)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)(hu),防漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)(hu)等安全保護(hu)(hu)功能。

3、DC/DC轉(zhuan)換器(qi)

在新(xin)能源(yuan)汽車(che)上，DC/DC是(shi)一個(ge)將高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉為低壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的裝置。新(xin)能源(yuan)汽車(che)上沒有發(fa)動機，整(zheng)車(che)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的來源(yuan)也不再是(shi)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，而是(shi)動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。由于整(zheng)車(che)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)低壓，因此需要(yao)DC/DC裝置來將高壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉為低壓直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這樣才能夠保持整(zheng)車(che)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平衡。

4、車載充電器（英文縮(suo)寫：OBC）

車(che)載充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是一(yi)個將(jiang)(jiang)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉為(wei)(wei)直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。因為(wei)(wei)動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是一(yi)個高(gao)(gao)壓直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，當使用交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)進行(xing)(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的時候，交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不能(neng)直接被電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池包進行(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)儲存，因此需要(yao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源轉換裝(zhuang)置(zhi)OBC，將(jiang)(jiang)高(gao)(gao)壓交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉為(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)壓直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，從而(er)給動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池進行(xing)(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲存。

5、電池包(bao)與動(dong)力電池管理(li)系統(tong)（英文縮寫(xie)BMS）

電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)與傳統的(de)(de)燃油車(che)(che)不同，新能源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)的(de)(de)整(zheng)車(che)(che)動(dong)力(li)來源(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)池和驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)機，而不是(shi)發動(dong)機。因為(wei)，純電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)直接使用電(dian)(dian)能，不需傳統燃油車(che)(che)一(yi)樣，將燃料燃燒(shao)，將產生(sheng)的(de)(de)排放物排進(jin)大氣，也因此，為(wei)了減少環(huan)境污(wu)染，新能源(yuan)(yuan)汽車(che)(che)的(de)(de)發展是(shi)國家積極(ji)扶持(chi)的(de)(de)。

動力(li)(li)電池的(de)(de)電壓一(yi)般(ban)為400V左右，其輸(shu)出(chu)電流(liu)能夠達到(dao)300A，車型(xing)不(bu)同其電壓和電流(liu)也不(bu)一(yi)樣。僅供(gong)大家參考(kao)！動力(li)(li)電池的(de)(de)容量的(de)(de)大小(xiao)直接影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)整車的(de)(de)續航里程，同時也直接影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)充電時間與充電效率。目前鋰離(li)子(zi)動力(li)(li)電池是主流(liu)，受目前技術的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，當前絕大部的(de)(de)汽(qi)車均(jun)采用鋰離(li)子(zi)動力(li)(li)電池。它一(yi)般(ban)安(an)裝在汽(qi)車的(de)(de)底盤下面。